Combined plow and harrow



(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet l.

M. BRUNER. COMBINED PLOW AND HARROW.

No. 443,817. Patented Dec. 30, 1890.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2..

(No Model.)

M BRUNER VGOMBINED PLOW AND HARROW.

No. 443,817. Patented Dec. 30, 1890.

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M. BRUNER.

COMBINED PLOW AND HARROW.

No. 443,817. Patented me. so, .1890.

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UNITE STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

MARTIN BRUNER, OF BUCKLAND, OI'lIO.

COMBINED PLOW AND HARROW.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,817, dated December 30, 1890.

Application filed April 16, 1890. Serial No. 348,156. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN BRUNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Buckland, in the county of Auglaize and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulverizing-Harrows and Gang-Flows, of which the following is so full, clear, and exact a description as will enable others skilled in the art to'which my invention appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top plan view of myimproved device. Fig.2 is an end view of the same with a portion broken away. Fig. 3 is a detail view of one of my plows. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are details of the same. Fig. 8 is a detail of one of the deflectors. Fig. 9 is a detail of the lower portion of one of the plow-beams.

The object of my invention is to provide a plow and harrow, by the use of which the operator may plow and harrow or pulverize the greatest amount of ground surface in the most thorough manner in the shortest possible time with the least discomfort to the operator and his team and with the least expense of physical force.

Another object of my invention is to provide a plow and harrow which will not be liable to get out of order by reason of its constant contact with stumps, stones, and other obstructions found in cultivated fields.

The invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the accompanying drawings the same reference-letter refers to the same part in each and all of the figures.

The main beam A is provided with a longitudinal supplemental strip B,fwhich is secured to the beam A by bolts 66 a. The plowbeams O C are flat strips of elastic steel or other suitable material, and they are para bolt a at the beveled point o on the main beam, as shown in the drawings. Somewhat back of the forward pivotal point is a scraper and sharpener b, which is secured to the plow-beam C in such a position that its outting-edge will serve to scrape the edge of the rotating cutter D and at the same time scrape its edge diagonally, giving it a beveled cutting-edge. j

About midway between the ends of the beam O is a screw-threaded perforation a, through which passes a threaded bolt 0, upon which is journaled the rotating cutter D. By having the screw-threaded hole in the beam 0 the bolt 0 can be set to any desired depth in the slot 0 in the beam, and the play of the cutter D may be determined to a nicety, and

the bolt is then locked or set firmly by a nut 0 as shown. The lower rear end of the beam 0 is bent at an angle to the line of the operative position of the cutter D, and it is perforated at cl to receive a bolt (1', which holds in place the reversible mold-boards E. The lower end portion of the beam O is ground or otherwise rounded off at its edges to avoid recesses for the deposit of mud at the edges of the plow where they join the mold-board. The hole (1 in the mold-board is angular, as are the bolt d and the hole 01 in the lower end of the beam, and this enables me to secure the board E against rotary movement on the end of the plow-beam. The two ends of the mold-board are alike, making the board reversible, and the dirt passing off and away from the rear end of the mold-board constantly wears the board ofi obliquely, giving it a beveled cutting-edge already sharpened and ready for use as a cutter of the soil when reversed on the beam 0.

The plow-beams O C are pivotally secured at the front and depend upon the line of motion of the team and the main beam A and frictional contact with the soil to keep them at a proper angle to the main beam A. Thus pivotally supported they are free to Vibrate horizontally and laterally, while by reason of their elasticity they are free to oscillate verti cally within certain limits. Hence it is plain that any ordinary obstruction which may be encountered will be easily passed by the vertical or horizontal movement of the rear por tion of the beam and the cutter D, this, too, without disturbing the other plows or cutters in the series.

A clevis F is secured to the main beam A about five-twelfths of the distance between the two ends of the beam in one direction and seven-twelfths from the opposite end. This gives an oblique line to the main beam with respect to the linetof motion of the plows and the team, giving the plows also a certain slant with respect to the main beam.

Above the main beam A, and firmly secured thereto, is a series of oblique horizontal bars G G G, to the rear ends of which is secured a second beam H, which beam H consists of a pair of strips of wood bolted together by pairs of bolts h h, set into and through the beam H and adaptedto be tightened up to hold elastic deflectors I I, which are-made of sheetsteel partially twisted, so that their ends are atapproximately right angles to each other. This deflector I has four cutting-edges, all available for use without leaving the field and without the necessity of grinding their edges. From the nature of the case they are partially self-sharpening while in operation, as was described with respect to the moldboard. The beam H is held in place at the ends of the bars G G G by metallic strips K K, top and bottom, being riveted to both beam and bars or bolted, as may be found expedient.

An intermediate crossbar J is secured to the bars G G G between the beam A and the second beam H. To the top of this crossbar J is secured a strip L, between which and the cross-bar J is slipped a seat-support L, to the upper end of which is secured a seat M for the driver.

In practice I secure the cross-bar J to the beams G G G with clips .LT, which encircle the beams G G G, and by the use of these clips the seats may be moved backward or forward to adjust the position of the driver with relation to his weight and the soil in which he is working, as will be readily understood. The deflectors I I I are all reversible both as to their ends and edgesthat is to say, they may be turned half around without changing ends and a change of cutting-edge secured, or they may be changed end for end and turned half around or not, as seems expedient.

For heavy plowing, the beams O O and cutters D D may be replaced by plow-beams O O and mold-board P P, as shown in the drawings.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact construction shown; but

What I desire to secure by Letters Patent, and what I therefore claim to be new and of my invention, is

1. In a combined plow and harrow, the main beam having the plow-beams pivotally secured thereto, and the second beam and the deflectors secured thereto, as described.

2. In a combined plow and harrow, the main beam having elastic plow-beams pivotally secured thereto, providing plow-beams which vibrate both longitudinally and vertically to accommodate obstructions in the path of the device, in combination with a second beam and bars for its support, and deflectors secured to said second beam, said defl'ectors being adjustable and reversible, substantially as described.

3. In a combined plow and harrow, the main beam having plow-beams secured thereto and rotating cutters secured to said plowbeams, and scrapers and sharpeners for said rotary cutters secured to said plow-beams, and reversible mold-boards secured to the lower ends of the plow-beams at an angle to the line of the plow-beams, substantially and for the purposes specified.

4. In a combined plow and harrow, the

combination of the main beam A and the I plow beams and cutters secured thereto,with

the second beam H and the bars G G G scl cured between the two, and across-bar car I rying a seat and adjustably secured to and upon said bars G G G, as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I a-flix mysignature in v the presence of two witnesses.

\Vitnesses:

CHARLES E. BARBER, LEO. SIMMONS.

MARTIN BRUNER, I 

